WHAT CAUSES AC UNITS TO LEAK WATER? 3 COMMON REASONS
An air conditioning leak can be alarming, especially if you’re not sure exactly where it’s coming from or what is causing it. North Carolina’s humid summers make this issue rather common, but determining if it’s serious requires some troubleshooting.
WHAT CAUSES AC UNITS TO LEAK WATER?
Leaks are troublesome not only because they signal a deeper issue with your system, but also because they can lead to mold problems. An air conditioner leaking water usually results from one of these three issues.
1. FROZEN COILS
The unit’s evaporator coils work alongside the condenser coils to gradually transform warm air into cool air. If your air conditioner has compromised airflow, whether due to dirty air filters or a failing fan motor, the coils can get too cold and freeze over.
Low refrigerant can also cause the unit’s coils to freeze, since it is necessary to maintain ideal operating conditions. This frost build-up eventually causes a water leak that can appear as dripping, dribbling, or a growing puddle.
2. CLOGGED DRAIN LINE
The AC’s condensate drain line works alongside the condenser and evaporator coils to collect excess moisture during the cooling process. This moisture forms droplets that trickle out through a connected pipe.
Unfortunately, water droplets often carry bacteria or dirt, resulting in gunk that builds up over time. This gunk can eventually turn into a clog that prevents condensation from draining back outside, leaving water with nowhere to go. The result is a leak, as the water has to exit the system somewhere.
3. DAMAGED DRAIN PAN
While the condensate drain pipe redirects excess moisture away from your home, the drain pan collects it (usually under the evaporator coil). If it’s improperly installed or damaged, it can leak. A damaged drain pan is one of the most common causes of an AC unit leaking water.
Common Reasons Your AC Is Leaking Water
Cause | What You Might Notice | Why It Happens |
|---|---|---|
Frozen coils | Ice, dripping water, weak airflow, or warm air | Poor airflow or low refrigerant can cause coils to freeze, and then leak as ice melts. |
Clogged drain line | Water near the indoor unit or repeated puddling | Dirt, bacteria, or buildup can block condensation from draining. |
Damaged drain pan | Water below the unit or signs of rust | A cracked, rusted, or misaligned pan may let water escape before it drains. |
4 SIGNS YOUR AC LEAK NEEDS URGENT ATTENTION
While it’s smart to contact an HVAC professional to inspect a leak, certain situations can be more dire. If you notice even one of these warning signs, call us as soon as possible.
1. WATER POOLING NEAR UNIT
A puddle of standing water is more than just annoying. If the moisture contains flammable chemicals or is near any loose electrical wires, it could quickly become a hazard.
2. MUSTY ODORS
Do you smell something mildewy or musty near the air conditioner? That’s a sign of a growing mold problem caused by excess moisture.
3. ICE ON COILS
White build-up on the cooling unit coils is a surefire sign you have a frost problem. Ice can block airflow, causing a ripple effect of leaks, musty indoor air, and a cooling system at higher risk of shutting down.
4. WATER STAINS ON WALLS
Inspect your walls for any suspicious yellow or brown stains. Leaks can travel throughout a home, potentially causing mold growth out of sight. You may also hear dripping sounds from inside the walls.
When your AC is leaking water, it makes sense to have a professional take a look. Call us to schedule an appointment!
THE IMPACT OF LOCAL CLIMATE CONDITIONS
The region’s humid weather is particularly rough on cooling systems. Our technicians have been maintaining and repairing air conditioners throughout the North and South Carolina region for several years. We understand how persistent humidity can strain cooling systems and lead to leaks.
Local homeowners are more likely to leave their units running for longer periods of time to stay cool. Constant humidity also increases moisture in your condensate line and drip pans.
Brothers Air, Heat, & Plumbing is a local HVAC and plumbing business that’s been helping North Carolina homeowners and landlords maintain their cooling systems since 2010. We’ll explore what causes an AC unit to leak water, why it’s happening, and what you can do about it. The sooner you act, the easier it is to prevent water damage and the need for more extensive repairs.
HOW TO FIX A LEAKING AC: DIY TROUBLESHOOTING TIPS
How do you fix an air conditioner that’s leaking water inside? These troubleshooting tips will give you a few starting points to potentially reverse minor leaks.
REPLACE THE AIR FILTERS
Dirty filters block airflow and increase the risk of freezing. Replacing filters frequently is the best way to avoid these issues. We recommend changing your filters every 3 months (or more often if you have seasonal allergies).
INSPECT THE DRAIN PAN
Go outside to check the cooling system’s drain pan (located beneath the unit and drain pipes). A little water in the pan is normal, but major puddles or signs of leaks aren’t.
CLEAR OUT THE CONDENSATE DRAIN
If you have home improvement experience, you can use a wet-and-dry vacuum to clear out the condensate drain. This process involves turning off the outdoor unit (both the thermostat and the breaker), then connecting the vacuum to the drain.
You should be able to suck out any debris that might be stuck in there. However, if you’re not comfortable handling this task, one of our cooling repair technicians will be happy to help.
What You Can Try Before Calling for AC Leak Repair
What to Check | When to Call |
|---|---|
Replace a dirty air filter. | The leak continues after the filter is replaced. |
Check for blocked vents or restricted airflow. | You notice ice, weak cooling, or repeated leaking. |
Look for visible water in the drain pan. | The pan is cracked, rusted, overflowing, or hard to access. |
Clear visible debris around the outdoor unit. | You suspect a clogged condensate line or low refrigerant. |
Turn the system off if water is near electrical components. | You see standing water, smell musty odors, or notice wall stains. |
WHEN TO CALL A PROFESSIONAL
In some cases, the cause of an AC unit leak is too much to handle on your own. While dirty filters are simple enough to replace, other leak-related issues need a professional eye. Low refrigerant, constant clogs, and frozen coils are just a few serious issues that require an HVAC professional.
Trying to dismantle your unit and fix the problem yourself could expose you to hazardous chemicals or electrical shocks. You could also accidentally void your warranty. Bring in our experienced team to assess and repair the issue.
HOW TO PREVENT FUTURE LEAKS
Regular maintenance is the best way to prevent AC water leaks. Technicians have the hands-on experience to spot minor issues before they worsen, including subtle signs you might otherwise overlook. A service visit may include replacing the filter, calibrating the thermostat, lubricating or replacing worn parts, and cleaning drain lines.
WHEN TO CALL A PROFESSIONAL
A leak keeps your system from working well, but it also hints at a more serious problem for your health and home. Usually, when you’re experiencing an AC leak, it’s best to call a professional. Now that you know what causes AC units to leak water, let a professional provide the peace of mind that comes with great service.
Brothers has been serving homeowners throughout North and South Carolina for over 30 years. Paying for AC expenses can be unexpected, so we offer financing options, along with specials and coupons to help you save. Our Pro Service Plan also offers access to additional savings and priority service for yearly maintenance. Schedule an appointment today to fix your leak!